NAD+
Essential coenzyme studied for cellular energy metabolism, sirtuin activation, and DNA repair pathway research.
Product information
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For research use only. Not for human consumption, diagnostic, therapeutic or veterinary use.
Overview
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidised form) is a ubiquitous coenzyme present in every living cell, essential for over 500 enzymatic reactions. It functions as a critical electron carrier in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and serves as a substrate for key regulatory enzymes including sirtuins (SIRT1-7), PARPs (poly-ADP-ribose polymerases), and CD38/CD157 ectoenzymes. Intracellular NAD+ levels decline with age — by approximately 50% between ages 40 and 60 — making NAD+ metabolism one of the most active areas of ageing and longevity research.
Mechanism of Action
NAD+ participates in cellular energy metabolism as a hydride acceptor in glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and the electron transport chain (as NADH donates electrons to Complex I). Beyond its metabolic role, NAD+ is consumed as a substrate by sirtuins to deacetylate target proteins — a reaction that links metabolic status to epigenetic regulation. PARP1 and PARP2 consume NAD+ during DNA damage repair. CD38, the primary NAD+ consumer in mammalian tissues, cleaves NAD+ to produce cyclic ADP-ribose and nicotinamide. This consumption-based regulation makes NAD+ a central node connecting metabolism, DNA repair, and gene expression.
Research Applications
- Sirtuin biology and epigenetic regulation research
- Mitochondrial electron transport and bioenergetics
- DNA damage repair and PARP enzyme studies
- Age-related NAD+ decline and longevity research
- CD38/NAD+ metabolism and immune cell biology
Reconstitution calculator
Enter your reconstitution to get the draw volume for NAD+.
Pull the plunger to 0.1 units on a 1 ml U‑100 syringe0.001 ml · 250.00 mg/ml · 2000 doses per vial
Concentration = peptide mass ÷ water volume. Unit readings assume U-100 insulin syringes, graduated 100 units per millilitre. For laboratory calculation only — not dosing guidance.